On the issue of the use of nootropic drugs in the correction of intellectual development disorders in children

Abstract. 

Introduction. The problem of using nootropic drugs in the correction of intellectual development disorders in children remains one of the most controversial issues in modern medicine, in particular, due to disputes in the scientific community about the effectiveness of these drugs. This is an important topic that deserves attention and research to improve the quality of life of children with these disorders. The goal of this study is to consider the mechanisms of action and capabilities of some nootropic drugs in the treatment of these disorders in children. Materials and methods. An analysis of literary sources on the mechanisms of action and pharmacological activity of nootropic drugs was carried out. Results. Nootropics improve brain metabolism through various mechanisms of action: increasing oxygen consumption in the brain; increased adenylate kinase activity in the brain; increased synthesis of cytochrome b5; improvement of interhemispheric transmission; increased glucose metabolism in the brain; increasing the plasticity of erythrocytes. In this publication, we would like to pay attention to both the drugs with the longest history of use (Piracetam) and new and possibly promising drugs (Meclofenoxate, Deanol aceglumate and Bacopa Monnieri). Conclusions. Assessing the effectiveness of nootropic drugs from the perspective of evidence-based medicine is difficult due to the high heterogeneity of etiological and pathophysiological factors and significant individual characteristics of intellectual development in children. Research shows that nootropics can improve mental activity, memory, attention, learning ability, and also reduce the oxygen demand of neurons during hypoxia. These drugs also help normalize behavior and correct emotional and behavioral disorders in children. The most common and widely used today is Piracetam. It is a nootropic that promotes intellectual development, improves cognitive function and memory.